Steam-generator



(No Model.) `4 sheets-sheet 1.

' W. H. FARRIS.'

STEAM GENERATOR. No. 364,403. Patented June 7, 1887.

MEEEEEE N. Pneus. Phmugngnpw. wmingm n. a

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

v(No Model.)

W. H. FARRIS lSTEAM GENERATOR.

No. 364,403. Patented June 7, 1887.

j@ V5 M 1-II; WEEEEE @J WM (No Model.) y 4 sheets-sheen 3. W. H. FARRIS.

STEAM` GENERATOR.

No. 364,403, Patented June 71 1887.

Ulli-@E525- www! N, remis. Pmwurmmpw. wus-mm D4 a (No Model.) 4Sheets-Sheet 4.

` W. H. FARRIS.

STEAM GENERATOR. No. 364,403. Patented June 7, 1887.

N, DETERS. Phawumognptm, wasmnglon. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.Y

VILLIAM HENRY FARRIS, OFROGK ISLAND, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 364,403, dated June 7,1887.

Application filed February 9, 1887. Serial No. 927,030. (No model.) d

To all whom may concern.'

4Be it known that I, WILLIAM HENRY FAR- RIs, of Rock Island, in thecounty of Rock Island and State of Illinois, have invented a certain newand useful Improvement in Steam Generators, Circulators, and Pulsators;and I do hereby declare the Afollowing to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an iixiprovcinent in Steanrgenerators.

In Letters Patent No. 349,426, granted to me on the 21st day ofSeptember, 1886, a hollow bridge-wall was shown and described, theinterior of which was provided with chambers having a directcommunication with each other. A set of hollow grate-bars were removablysecu red to the bridge-wall by co1npression-joints, and hollow sidebars, also connected with the bridgeAwall by compressionjoints, led fromthe bridge-wall along the sides of and within the {ire-box to the waterand steam portions of the boiler, one of the saidside bars serving as aconduit for leading the water from the boiler to the bridge-wall, and

. atfthe same time as a steainconduit for returning any steam whichmight be generated therein or back up from the bridge-wall therein tothe steam portion of the boiler through a branch pipe, and the otherside bar serving as a Stettin-discharge and steam-generating pipe onllhe object of my present invention is to simplify the construction andarrangement of the bridgewall and conducting-pipes for the purpose ofadapting them to use in connection with all forms of boilers, and forrendering the circulation of the water and generation of steam morerapid and uniform.

A further object is to provide a bridge-wall of increased height and ofsuch form that the bars which conduct the steam from the steamchamber ofthe bridge-wall to the boiler shall occupy positions within and alongthe sides of the lire-space at a considerable distance above thegrate-bars,for the particular purpose of burning wood to advantage.

Vith `these ends in view my invention con sists in a bridge-wallprovided with a waterreceiving and steam dischargin g chambercommunicating with each other only through the hollow gratebars andtubes leading from one of with a water-conducting pipe leading fromthewater-space of the boiler to the water-receiving chamber of thebridge-wall anda steamconducting pipe leading from-thc steam-discharging chamber of the bridge-wall to the steam-space of the boiler. h

My invent-ion further consists in asectional bridge-wall, thelowersection of which is provided with a water and a steam chamber, and theupper section of which is provided with a steamchamber in communicationwith the steam-chamber of the lower section and with the steam-space ofvthe boiler.

My invention further consists in certain features of construction andcombinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed outin the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a top plan view, partly insection, showing one form of hollow bridge-wall, the side conveying andreturn pipes, and the hollow gratebars, the rear portion of the boilerbeing broken away. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the saine. Fig. 3 is aside elevation of the same with a portion of the re pot wall brokenaway. Fig. 1I is a longitudinal'vertical section through line m x ofFig. l. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section through line y y of Fig.l. Fig. Gis a partial side elevation ofthe grate-bars andstean1-conducting pipes, showing the wood-burning bridge-wall inendelevatiou.- Fig. 7 is a vertical section of the wood-burningbridge-wall, taken transversely through it-s central portion. Fig. S isa vertical section taken longitudinally through fthe center of thewood-burning bridge-wall. Fig. 9 is aview of the compression-joint,showing its parts in detail. Fig.10 is a View in 1ongitudinal verticalsection, showing the adaptan tion of the generating grate-bars toarlocomotive or marine engine. Fig. 1l is a transverse vertical sectionof. the locomotive or marine boiler through the line e a of Fig. l0, andFig. 12 is a detached view of one form of loose joint.

A represents a boiler of ordinary construe tion; B,a grate; C, abridgewall,and a. the fur nace-wall.

The form of bridgewall shown in Figs. l to ,5, inclusive, is a simpleand economical form,

IOO

adapted to use in connection with coalburning furnaces.

The form of bridge-wall adapted to woodburning, or to both wood-burningand coalburning, furnaces is, however, the one which I propose toconsider the preferred form in my present application; and since itconsists broadly in an auxiliary steam-chamber coupled onto thesteam-ehamber shown in my former patent, I shall describe it after Ihave described the form shown in the first ve figures.

A pipe, a2, leads from the boiler from a point below the water-line, andpreferably from thc end over the doors opening into the firebox, andextending partially across the end to one side of the furnace-wall,leads along outside of the fire-box, and preferably outside of thefurnace-wall to a point opposite the end of the bridge-wall, where itturns and enters the end of the bridge-Wall, thereby forminga conduitfor the water to flow from the boiler into a chamber within the saidbridge-wall.

The pipe a2 isprovided at convenient points with a stopvalve, D,forshutting off the water in case of accident or for repairs or otherpurpose, and with a check-valve, cZ, to prevent the water from settingback and interfering with the flow from the boiler.

The interior of the bridge-wall G, Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, is seperatedby a suitable partition, c, into two chambers, e and c?, whichpreferably extend nearly its entire length, and, for convenience, arearranged one in front of and above the other. The lower chamber, c2, isthe one which the pipe a2 enters, and which, through the pipe afgissupplied with water from the boiler. l

The grate-bars B consists of tubes provided with curved faced transversegrate-lugs Z) on their upper sides. They are preferably of taper form,as shown, and the grate-bars are open at their ends adjacent to thebridge-wall and closed at their op posite ends. Their ends adjacent tothe bridge-wall are reenforced, as shown at b', and provided withannular grooves b2, thel outer portions of the grooves being bell or.funnel shaped in cross section, as shown at b3..

The lower portion of the bridge-wall is pro` vided with a series ofbosses, c3, surrounding openings c4 into the chamber e at such intervalsas separate the grate-bars, and the ends of the bosses c3 are providedwith annular grooves c5, adapted to register with and having the sameform as the grooves b2 in the ends ef thegrate-bars. The j oint betweenthegratebar and the boss c3 is formed bya ring or thimble, E, of doubleconvex shape in cross-section, its opposite edges being constructed toenter the groovesl b2 c5, but not touch the bottoms of the grooves,thereby insuring a tight joint between the ring or thinible and thewalls of the` grooves, even though the gratebars be tilted out of line.

The grate-bars B are drawn toward the bridge-wall and the ring orthimble E compressed between them by rods F, provided the grate-bars,and are threaded to receive draw-nutsfz.

The contact-faces ofthe nuts f'l are rounded, as shown at f3, and engageconcave seatsf4in the ends of the bars, whereby the grate-bar is allowedto tilt without opening the joint or straining the parts. The free endsof the bars B are provided with projections b4, adapted to Y engage amovable shoe or rest, H, in a slot, l1,

the shoe beingpsupported upon a suitable offset, l, or in any other wellknown or approved manner.

The construction-is such that when it is desired to remove a grate-barfor any purpose the shoe H may be slid toward the end of the grate-baruntil it clears the offset l, and the end ofthe bar be then droppedbelow the said offset, and Withdrawn through the ash-pit door or othersuitable opening.

The chamber et in the bridge-wall communicates with the interior of thegrate-bars through tubes K, which are set firmly in the wall of thechamber c2, and extend thence through the openings c,and along theinteriors of the grate-bars to points near the closed ends of the saidbars.

The water from the chamber c2 flows into the hollow grate-bars throughthe tubes K. It is there converted more or less rapidly into steam,which escapes from the grate-bar into the chamber c', and thence throughsuitable conducting-pipes to the boiler above the waterline, as follows:On the opposite sides of the fire-box, and within it, are locatedsteam-conducting tubes L,whieh extend from the bridgewall on an upwardincline to and through the end furnace-wall, thence to the right andleft, as shown at Z, thence upwardly, as shown at Z, and thence towardeach other, as shown at Z2, uniting with a common inlet-pipe, M,entering the boiler above the water-line. The changes in direction whichconducting-pipes L, Z, Z', and Z2 assume are conveniently made by t-heordinary L and T shaped bends; but may be made, if found desirable inany instance, by bending the pipe itself. To prevent the baekset ofsteam from the boiler, a check-valve, N, is inserted in the inlet-pipeM.

A blow-off pipe, O, provided with a stopvalve, o, is attached to aportion of the pipe Z, Z, 85e., preferably at a point where it makes itsturn upwardly. This is conveniently accomplished by placing aT-connection at the bend, as shown. The ends of the tubes L adjacent tothe fire-bridge, are connected to the bridge by compression-joints m, ina mann er quite similar to that hereinbefore explained with reference tothe attachment of the gratebars 'to the bridgewalL The rods m, whichhold the tubes L pressed IOO toward the bridge-wall, are constructedsimilar to the rods F, and have their squared portions mZ let intoangular slots in lugs n, formed in the outer sides of the openings p,through the bosses P. rllheir heads m engage the sides of the lugs, andtheir opposite ends project through the T-coupling n2, outside of the jwall, where they are provided with rounded-faced nuts m4, adapted toengage concave seats m in the outside of the couplings.

In the preferred construction of bridge-wall, (represented in Figs. 6,7, and 5,) a detachable hollow upper section is provided with a steamchamber, C', communicating with the steamchamber c of the lower sectionthrough openings S S', formed, respectively7 in the bottom ot' the uppersection and top of the lower section at their central portions. Theopenings S S are surrounded bybosses having annular grooves in theirfaces, in which a ring-coupling is inserted similar to that hereinbeforedescribed. Vithin the opening S in the bottom of the upper section arecessed lug, s, is located to form a seat for the head and stein of thecoupling-bolt s', which projects thence downwardly through the chambere2, and is provided with a nut, s2, on its lower end, which serves todraw and lock together the two sections of the bridge-wall. 'lhe uppersection, C2, of the bridge-wall has a rearward tilt from the top of thelower section, and the steameonducting tubes L lead from it at pointsnear its top and ends. The recessed Vfaced lugs G in thel openingsleading to the grate-bars are here set with their faces upright insteadof horizontal, andthe circulatingtubes extend along just below orpartially in front of the recesses in the lugs, and thereby serve toprevent the displacement of the rods while the grate-bars are beingadjusted. The high narrow steamchamber leading from the ends of thegrate-bars upwardly to the top of the lower section of the bridge-Walland thence through the openings S S into the upper section, and thenceto its top, exposes the water to an eX- tended heatingsurfaee and servesto convert a great quantity of it into steam beforev it reaches thesteamconducting tubes L. The

construction also gives an increased depth andlength of hre-space withthe necessary room between the grate-bars and tubes L to admit sticks ofwood. Its sectional construction also renders it easier to handle andmore simple to manufacture.

The steam generated in the grate-bars and chambers c or chambers c C ofthe bridge wall enters the boiler through the tubes L and inlet-pipe Mwhenever the pressure becomes snfiicient to move the check-valve Nagainst the pressure of steam within the boiler, and

as fast as water is converted into steam and enters the boiler a freshsupply will pass from the boiler to the chamber c2.

The admission of the water to the chamber c2 may be positively regulatedby the stopvalve D, or may be entirely cut oft. If any water escapesfrom the grate'bars into the chamber c of the bridge-wall and thenceinto the chamberG and into the tubes L the heat to which they areexposed will tend to convert it into steam, and at all times there issuch a ready communication between the side tube, L, through the mediumof the pipes Z Z Z2, that the pressure of steam will be equalized andits entrance into the boiler very regular.

Steam or water cushioning of the Valves may be remedied and dirt removedfrom the pipes by opening the blow-off valve o.

At suitable places the apparatus is provided with plugs Q, aiiordingaccess to the several passage-ways for cleaning purposes.

The construction shown in Fig. is one of the approved arrangementsv forapplying the above-described improvement to locomotive or marineengines. The bridge-wall in this instance is rounded at the bottom andrests in rocking adjustment, on suitable supports, to admit of the gratebeing tilted with the ash-pan in cleaning out. The pipe a2, for feedingwater from the boiler to the chamber c2 ofthe bridge-wall, enters thebridge-wall from below and the-boiler at the water-wall in front of thebridge-wall. The pipe L, Z, Z, Ste., for conducting the steam from thechamber c' to thesteam space of the boiler, connects with the chamber cthrough a tubed portion of the water-wall in front of the bridgewall,and extends thence in curved form up the side ot the boiler, and thencerearwardly and into the boiler at the base of the steam-dome. Both pipesc2 and L are provided with loose or ball joints It, to permit thetilting ofthe bridge wall and grate-bars, and with the necessary stopand check valves. The sizes and shapes of the conducting pipes and barsand their arrangements relatively to the boiler and to each other arematters depending to a great extent upon the style and setting oftheboiler. The forms shown are those which are iound preferable whereverpracticable.

It is evident that numerous slight changes might be resorted to withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of my invention; hence I do not wishto limit myself strictly to the construction herein set forth; but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a steamgenerator, the combination, with a boiler, steam-generatinggratebars, and a hollow britlgewall provided with a water-receiving anda steam-disch argi n g chamber, of an independent waterconducting pipeleading from the boiler to the said waterreceiving 4chamber of thebridge-wall and a steanrconducting pipe leading from the steanrdischarging chamber of the bridge-wall to the boiler, substantially asset forth,

2. In a steam-generator, the combination,

with a boiler, hollow steam-generating gratebars, and a hollowbridge-wall provided with a water-receiving and a steam-dischargingchamber, the outlet from the water-receiving chamber being only throughtubes leading IOO therefrom into the interiors of the hollow gratebars,of a water-conducting pipe leading from the boiler to thewater-receiving chamber of the bridge-wall and. a steam-conducting pipeleading from the steam-discharging chamber ofthe bridge-wall to theboiler, substantially as set forth.

3. In a steam-generator, the combination, with a boiler, a bridge-wallprovided with a water receiving and a steam discharging chamber, andhollow grate-bars, through which the chambers in the bridge-wallcommunicate with each other, of a water-conducting pipe leading from theboiler to the bridgewall outside of the fire-space and a steamconductingpipe leading from the bridge-wall to the boiler, substantially as setforth.

4. In a steam-generator, the combination, with the boiler and thebridge-wall provided with a water-receiving and a steam-dischargingchamber, communicating with cach other through the hollow grate-bars, ofa water-conducting pipe leading from the boiler to the vbridge-Walloutside of the fire-space and a steam-conducting pipeleading from thebridgewall to the boiler and passing through the [irespace,substantially as set forth.

5. In a steain-generator, the combination,

with the bridge-wall with its water-receiving and steamdischargingchambers, ofthe waterconducting pipe leading from the boiler to thebridge-wall outside the fire-space and the steamconducting pipes leadingfrom the bridge-wall to the boiler along the sides of and within thelire-space, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the steam-generating grate-bars and thebridge-wall with its water-chamber and its steam-chamber, of theindependent water-conducting pipe and the steam-conducting pipes leadingfrom separate points of the steam-chamber and uniting in a common steaminlet pipe, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with the steam-generating grate-bars and thebridge-wall with its Water-chamber and its steam-chambers, of theindependent water-conducting pipe with its stop-valves and check-valves,the steam conducting and generating pipes communicating lugs located atthe sides of the openings intothe steam-chamber, and the draw-rods withtheir heads and squared portions adapted to engage the lugs,substantially as set forth.

9. A steam-generating bridge-wall consist ing, essentially, of alowerhollow section and an upper hollow section, the sections beingconnected together in a slightly tilting or rocking adjustment by asteam-tight joint, substanv tiall y as set forth.

l0. The bridge-wall consisting, essentially, of the rearwardly-tiltinghollow upper section and the two-chambered lower sections, the twosections communicating with each other and being detachable from eachoth er,substantially as set forth.

11. A steam-generating bridge -wall composed of hollow sections unitedby a steamtight compressionjoint, through which the sections communicatewith each other,substan tially as set forth.

12. The combination, with thc lower section of the bridge-wall with itswater and steam chambers andthe hollow grate-bars communicating with thesteam-chamber direct and with the water-chamber through acirculatingtube, of the upper bridge-wall section with its auxiliarysteam-chamber in communication Y Y with the steamchamber of the lowersection and the steam-conducting pipes leading from the steam-chamber inthe upper section to the boiler, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specilication in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM HENRY FARMS.

Witnesses:

GEORGE TrLEsToN, JOHN I-I. DAVIS.

